Maps and Trees, Maps and Trees

> 2.0 mya map

 Map 2.0-1.5 mya

 Map 1.5-1.0 mya

 Map 1.0mya - 500,000 ya

Map 500,000 -10,000 ya

Phylogenetic tree...for ALL hominin species 

Some more examples of Homo neanderthalensis and then Homo sapiens (US!!!)

More Neandertals:

Skhul 4

Krapina

Qafzeh 11

Mandible. Note the little "chin thing"

Skhul 5

 

 Amud I

 Note the little "chin thing" on this guy...(?!)

Qafzeh 9

ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS!

A Blank is good for efficiency, compared to carrying around a core

 Levallois Stone Tool Industry:

Venus Figurines:

Front

 

 Back

 

Carved Face:

 

Bone Blades:

 

 .....Back to hominins.....

Skull from Florisbad

Aborigine Skull for comparison

Note the Alveolar Prognathism

Skull from Wadjak, Indonesia

Cro Magnon (quintessential US!)

 This cast shows more accurately the bone disease that the individual lived with during his life. Again, it shows social support

Less-detailed Cro Magnon Skull

Predmost Skull

More H. erectus and then....NEANDERTALS!

Mandible from Arago

Skull from Arago  

 Top view

Petralona Skull

Homo neanderthalensis

Forbes Quarry, Gibraltar Skull

Forbes Quarry Skull. Note the occipital bun

La Chapelle Skull: "Old Man from La Chapelle"

Lateral view

Note the occipital bun

La Chapelle- cast that captures the extent of his osteoarthritis

 Posterior view

 Lateral view

La Chapelle Mandible

 Note that only one tooth remains. Roots grew over the bone, showing that he lived for many years without teeth, which helps the argument that he lived in a group where some level of social support existed.

Monte Circeo

 Lateral view

Skull from Amud, Israel

 Lateral view

 Note the occipital bun

 Mandible

Note the retromolar space

Skull from Teshik-Tesh, Uzbekistan

 Juvenile skull

 Lateral view

 Posterior view

 Notice how teeth are still coming in (like the canines)

Note the retromolar space

Kebara Pelvis, from Israel

 Note the long superior pubic ramus

 This is a comparison of the modern human superior pubic ramus compared to the Kebara pelvis: the Kebara superior pubic ramus is longer

Lucy's pelvis for comparison

 Note, this pelvis is long side to side. Modern humans are round, and Neandertals are long front to back.